The telephone from the Greek :far and voice is a telecommunications device that transmits and receives sound, most commonly the human voice. It is one of the most common household appliances in the developed world, and has long been considered indispensable to business, industry and government.
The word telephone has been adapted to many languages and is widely recognized around the world.
The device operates principally by converting sound waves into electrical signals, and electrical signals into sound waves. Such signals when conveyed through telephone networks and often converted to electronic and optical signals enable nearly every telephone user to communicate with nearly every other worldwide.
The technological and industrial history of Canada encompases the country development in the areas of transportation, communication, energy, materials, public works, public services, domestic and defense technologies.
Most technologies diffused in Canada came from other places. Only a small number actually originated in Canada. For more about those with a Canadian origin see Invention in Canada.
The terms chosen for the age described below are both literal and metaphorical. They describe the technology that dominated the period of time in question but are also representative of a large number of other technologies introduced during the same period.
The fact that the period of diffusion of a technology can begin modestly and can extend well beyond the age of its introduction. To maintain continuity, the treatment of its diffusion is dealt with in the context of its dominant age.
The steam age here is defined as being from 1840 to 1880. Steam powered boats were introduced in 1809, the CPR was completed in 1885 and railway construction in Canada continued well into the twentieth century. To preserve continuity, the development of steam, in the early and later years, is therefore considered within the Steam Age.

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