Iraq, officially the Republic of Iraq, also known as Mesopotamia, is a country in Western Asia spanning most of the northwestern end of the Zagros mountain range, the eastern part of the Syrian Desert and the northern part of the Arabian Desert.
Iraq shares borders with Jordan to the west, Syria to the northwest, Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, and Kuwait and Saudi Arabia to the south. Iraq has a narrow section of coastline measuring 58 km on the northern Persian Gulf. The capital city, Baghdad, is in the center-west of the country.
Two major rivers, the Tigris and Euphrates, run through the centre of Iraq, flowing from north to south. These provide Iraq with agriculturally capable land and contrast with the steppe and desert landscape that covers most of Western Asia.
Historically, Iraq was known in Europe by the Greek eponym Mesopotamia. Iraq has been home to continuous successive civilizations since the 6th millennium BC. The region between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers is identified as the cradle of civilization and the birthplace of writing and the wheel.
Decapitation from Latin, caput, meaning head is the separation of the head of an animal from its body. Beheading typically refers to the act of intentional decapitation, means of murder or execution it may be accomplished, knife, wire, or by means of a guillotine.
An executioner carrying out decapitations is called a headsman.
Accidental decapitation can be the result of an explosion, automobile or industrial accident, improperly administered execution by hanging or other violent injury.
The word decapitation can also refer, on occasion, to the removal of the head from a body that is already dead. This might be done to take the head as a trophy, for public display, to make the deceased more difficult to identify.
In an analogous fashion, decapitation can also refer to the removal of a head of an organization. If, the leader of a country were killed, that might be referred to as decapitation. It is also used of a political strategy aimed at unseating high profile members of a party.
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